6507271924.ppt
Here is the location of Vietnam. Southern Asia. Laos Cambodia Thailand Malaysia Philiphin
I chose vietnam. but no special reason. maybe my country Korea participated Vietnam war, the war between Communist and Anti Communist. 1960s. And Anti Coummunist force, like USA , austrailiar also Korea lost the war. the war end 1975 not so past.. total number of dead is about 5 million many people died. Almost every social infra was destroyed during 15 years war.
size similar to finland (64th), so quite big. but population (13th) and so poor (140/180)
Fortunately, there were many achievements since millenium in Vietnam.
At first Viet Nam has continued to accelerate the international economic ,They became a member of the Free Trade Area of ASEAN(AFTA), So they are gradually liberalizing trade and investment in the framework of APEC. (Asia Pacific economic cooperation) also member of WTO
. Exports continued to grow during the period 2001-2004 at a high rate, 16%, it is doubling their GDP growth rate.
Inflow of Capital
Although total international ODA are stagnating, the total ODA committed to Viet Nam during the 4 year (2001-2004) increased to about 11 billon
Foreign direct investment (FDI) also continued to increase. now reached about 13 billion (19% above the planned target.) And with this money Around eight hundred sixty thousand jobs were created.
Next.
Sustainable Debt Management
the external debt burden, mainly from the war period. had decreased. Russia, Poland, Czech, Germany and so on , contributed to the decrease by negotiation to settle debts. And Government improved the financial situation by debt cancellation and reschuling.
International Support for Employment Creation for Youth : With support from International Labor Organization (ILO), During 2001-2005, nearly 200 job consulting centers and around 1,000 employment agencies were established to assist youth seeking job opportunities
Suppy of Essential Drugs : Viet Nam has made great efforts to produce medicines locally. During the last four years 2001-2004, domestic drug production has rapidly increased by about 15 percent per year. Currently, Viet Nam has around 40 drug factories producing 6,000 pharmaceutical products and essential drugs
The last one of Achievement
Development of New Technology, especially Information and Communication Technology : As you see there was big progress. Growth in Internet usage in Viet Nam is explosive, with more than 4.5 million users in 2004 (more than double in 2003)
Telecommunications have also developed strongly. In 1995, fixed telephone subscribers were only 1/100 people. By the end of 2004, this ratio became 13/100.
Challenges
In spite of many achievement of couse there is some chanllenges. and not enough things.
First one is Biases in the Multilateral Trading System
World free trading system was developed mainly to serve the interest of the developed countries, so developing countries have little to say in the trade system. The development of a more transparent, equal and predictable trading system is an important goal for Viet Nam and other developing countries.
Challenges in Debt Management :
They have still too many debt that cannot be paid in time.
Cooperation to Develop the Employment Strategy for the Youth:
The vocational training system of Viet Nam is under-developed. The skilled workers are very small in number. Labor productivity is lower than other developing countries.
Cooperation with the Private Sector on Technology Transfer, especially in IT and Commuication : The technology gap between Viet Nam and developed countries is still very great. Information technology is concentrated in the big cities, limiting access to information technology in rural and remote areas.
Conclusion
On some points there is a kind of improvement in Nigeria, As you saw. for example, about communication technology, Some other targets are still weak, Vietnam has achieved a lot of things in short period. But still sometimes people blame goverment for a display administration, like show. (because of big gap between rural and big city)
Therefore More efforts are needed. !! is that too common conclusion?
Unlike other goals, MDG 8 don’t have every specific number to reach by 2015. So it can be hard to see whether it succeed or not. Sadly, global partnership for development is stagnant nowadays, mainly because of world economic crisis.
For the last, let’s look very recent situation.
This is the list about Amounts of ODA from many developed country. United states is the top . Sweden
But in other analysis, how much they give ODA considering their population and income. United states now at the last. Norway, Sweden Luxembourg, Denmark, Netherlands are above the target. Many Countries are below the target. now we can understand really more effort needed.
but the things outlook, prospection is not that good. Total ODA or ODA as a % were anyway increased from 2000 but it dropped 2005. (nigeria, iraq)
and can it go rise like that in the future? even in this bad situation, world economic crisis , ??
it is hard to achieve.
If developed countries just wait for their business getting better and until that not making more help, this goal will be easy to fail. But if not, even pressure of budget, increasing ODA and making agreement more equal, it can be done.
thank you.
ODA, Official Development Assistance (ODA) is a category of development aid. from OECD to developing countries.
OECD : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development